Showing 4 results for Power Relations
Volume 4, Issue 1 (3-2013)
Abstract
This paper suggests the use of new branches of stylistics along with appropriate devices for the analysis of Persian texts. As a step in this direction, stylistic properties of Jashn-e Farkhonde, a short story of Jalalal-e Al-e ahmad, were analyzed with the approach of Critical stylistics answering these major questions: “What is the ideology behind the text?”, “What stylistic features discover this ideology?” and “What is the function of the ideology behind the text?” It is assumed that, in this short story, ideology is a mechanism for struggle against domination. To provide an answer to these questions, narrative and textual macro-layers of this short story are examined along with an analysis of focalization, focalization continuity (shifting focalization and multiple-focalization), facets of focalization (the perceptual facets including tense, order, duration, frequency and space, an overall and eye-bird’s view or a partial and close-up view, cognitive facet and ideological facet) and micro-layers of lexicon, syntax, and rhetoric in connection with the outer layer (the situational context of the text). It is assumed that the awareness obtained from focalization and analysis of micro-layers will result in the discovery of ideology and power relations in the text. The reslts showed that characteristics of text from contrasting personalities and contrasting discourses that reach unity to the narrator's father. Too much use of swear words and his imperative sentences indicate the hidden ideology of the text; that is dissatisfaction of author, as a critical intellectual that represents groups of community from both social and political currents mentioned in the story.
Maryam Salehinia, Sarwrasa Rafiۥzadeh,
Volume 6, Issue 24 (12-2013)
Abstract
Government correspondences and related works (books, letter-writing called Tarassol) are the most important historical documents. The accuracy of authors and amanuenses in representation of the status and the definition of the relations between social agents (public and governing apparatus), made these books function of the cultural and semantic system of its time. These texts draw consciously a kind of “unequal encounter”, so that they are suitable to study the elements of power representation in discourse. This study is based on the four discursive components: nomination, transitivity system, function of different sentences models, and modality and provides insights into the power relations. The results show that the above mentioned factors have an efficient role in the discourse of Dastur-al-katib and indicate the reciprocal role of the author in representation of the power relations. Religion and “Sharia”, as two sources of power, buttress this reciprocal discourse and at the same time had led to the emergence of hegemony in the text.
Sarw Rafizadeh,
Volume 7, Issue 28 (12-2014)
Abstract
Abstract The Novel Noghreh, daughter of Kabul River, written by Humaira Qaderi, one of the young and proposed Afghanistan novilist that it is one of the most important novels of contemporary Afghanistan. Here social and political issues have been addressed from the standpoint of women, with a focus on women. The purpose of this article is to study the status and role of Afghan women in contemporary Persian fiction in this country and explore this novel via Critical Discourse Analysis. After the introduction of research methods and theoretical bases of Norman Fairclough, we will analysis the text in three stages. The results of our analysis show that context of novel representations two types of conflict: the Conflict between traditional patriarchal discourses and discourses of femininity (feminist) and the contrast between the intellectual discourse and the discourse of power. The author represents all events of the story about political and social issues in a particular period of history; thus, the method of analysis components of Critical Discourse Analysis, besides to the specific and targeted approach to the representation of the events of the story in author perspectives, introduced reader with some of the developments in this story that its role is played by the women in Afghan society. Author's emphasis is on a particular period of history than any other time also reflects national trends and anti-authoritarian and colonial. Due to the presence of foreign forces and interference potential and secretly warns and in addition to the design of social and emotional issues of women, her apparent bias against traditional patriarchal discourse shows.
Volume 8, Issue 7 (3-2017)
Abstract
Critical metaphor analysis tries to be a multidisciplinary approach that studies the way social power abuse, dominance, and inequality are enacted, reproduced, and resisted by text and talk through metaphors in the social and political contexts.in the present research, through electing such approaches such as critical discourse analysis, cognitive linguistics, pragmatics and corpus analysis, instances of discourse metaphors extracted from opposing wing’s newspapers such as Keyhan and Mardomsalari in Iran and Telegraph and Mirror in England analyzed based on Lakoff’s cognitive approach and Cameron’s discourse metaphor following Charteris-black’s integrative critical metaphor research. The aim was to investigate the similarities and differences between metaphors and conceptual metaphors in each discourse and subsequently in each language. To tackle this concern, considering each wing’s core principals, political parts of the intended newspapers were analyzed and to narrow down the research just five source domains including conflict, structure, journey, religion and plants were focalized. The results showed that the aforementioned languages and the political wings are different in terms of source domains and frequency due to multilingual factors including society, history and culture. The results also demonstrated the metaphorical features of the discourses in terms of source domains. In this study also each kinds of Lakoff’s structural, ontological, directional metaphors and Cameron’s systematic metaphors were identified. Furthermore, this study showed how identical facts are demonstrated differently by opposing ideologies. Finally this eclectic approach came to known as an effective approach in demonstrating hidden power relations.