Showing 112 results for Poem
Volume 1, Issue 2 (10-2013)
Abstract
The study of purports and themes-with many objection in west-is one of wide researches in the current comparisonal researches. Subjects are historical and cultural substances and important elements of the text, thus we can analyze it. Some of subjects and purports are ultranational and universal; study of these subject, can explain the history of thoughts and ideas of two or more nations at period of times and tell us where they come from. One of the universal subjects that is very important in Islamic culture and many of people argue about it, is that asceticism has different meanings, and literal and conceptual schools take different meanings from them. The meaning of asceticism has extered to literature too. Thus some of Poets are called ascetic. Sanaei Qaznavi and Abu Eshagh Elbiri are two representatives of asceticism Persian and Arabic literature. This research wants to present their point of views about asceticism and world to take the meaning of asceticism and its function, and to show that, although there are some similarities in these two rationalists, there are some differences between their thoughts.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (12-2003)
Abstract
Those elements effective in eloquence and elegance of Sa'di's Ghazals is both worth surveyving and comparing with other lyric poems in order toreveal This fact why his Ghazals are Supposed tobe more delightful than theothers.
Analysing The syntax of his words, one might show his unquestion able command and intellect in laguagu and literature.
The Exist of more than one Verb in Each Verse and The frequenc of material verb, denotes Eloquenc Ellipsis and motion.
The couple verb has found rhetorical Application in various way.
For grounding, paradox, ambiguity, synecdoche, metafore and personification are the most impartant figures of speech and retoric usingverbs in Sa'di's Ghazals
Volume 1, Issue 2 (12-2003)
Abstract
Attention was paid to color as the most important element in the realm of perceptible world in the human life from ancient times ,that charmed his spirit and is basically the cause of decorating world and demonstrates the might of worlds skillful painter. Nowadays , as many of literary and artistic prominent of the world opinion , color is the most important element in appearing artistic creativity . since a poem is the selection of words , or in concise form , it is a kind of drawing with words , the selection of colors can not be ineffective in a poets artistic activity spectrum . In fact , the conscious or unconscious selection of any color by a poet , reveals his attitude towards the universe and its phenomena.
Paying attention to the frequency of the color-related word in any poets works , can make us aware of the poets manners and his moral characteristics , and the underlying layers of his theology . in this essay , by considering the lexical frequency of words, through a more scientific method , we have tried to find some new points about S.Sepehris manners and his features.
Volume 1, Issue 2 (12-2003)
Abstract
Historically the theoreticians in literature have studied poem and its nature from various view points. Before any one, Plato and Aristotle had regarded poem in the same way like other art areas as imitation from nature. This theory which was the cornerstone of the other theory in literature continued to the contemporary era.
In the early 20th century and coincide with emergence of new philosophy theories and linguistics, new Literature Theory emerged in which poem gradually was far from the responsibility for transferring message and meaning contrary to classic theories.
Study upon the language of the work (the objective dimension), gradual meaning development or poem multi-meaning and also entering the addressee in the literature work creativity are the most prominent characteristics of the theories such as formalism, structuralism, semiology, paraphrasing the text and deconstruction.
Multiplicity and Varity of the perspectives by which poem and its nature have been studied several times, is the prominent feature of the study on these poetic theories.
Volume 2, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Sohrab Sepehri and Abbas Kiarostami are artists who could express their thought in the form of another language using the myths and symbols. The most important considerations in their works are neutral symbols. In this paper, the authors tried to review the symbolic nature using comparative approach and Gaston Bachelard's theory. We analyzed Hasht Keteb and Kiarostami's movies, and found that the mythical structure and contents briefly express differences and commonalities in their works. The most applicant natural symbols widely used in these works consist water, air, soil and plants. The results of our study showed that Water and soil, in various forms, involve a dual role in poetry and cinema: both as a symbol of death and resurrection, and creation. Wind is the symbol of divine origin and evolution. Also it indicates the death and destruction. Plant is the symbol of cosmic tree. Symbolic imagery and mythical nature, in Kiarostami's films and Sepehri's poems, can affect the poetic spirit of two artists, which is result of thier familiarity with Eastern mysticism and also for being influenced by painting and photography skills.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2017)
Abstract
The present study seeks to analyze the components of black poetry in the poems of Simin Behbahani and Nazak al-Malaek as two contemporary Persian and Arabic poets. The reason for choosing and adapting the lyrics of these two poets in this study is that each of them, in a period of their own literary life, somehow faced with some currents, which have in turn raised a sense of despair and Nihilism in humankind. Affected by the suffocation and tyranny of society in their era, they have extensively reflected the components of black poetry in their poems.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2017)
Abstract
In a comparative study, this paper by using a descriptive analytical method seeks to examine the similarities and differences of the two drfferent cultuers and languages in terms of the type of the image ot the characters.
Depiction of the revolutionary and epic dimensions of image's personality,the extraordinary perspective of the two poets upon image, the link with the present time and society, the tendency towards complexity, and the avoidance of straightforwardness in the commonalities in the poetry book , and the diversity and broadness of aspects of the character, as well as combination of image of some of the characers with concepts of melancholy and grief are characteristics of the Arabic poetry book.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2017)
Abstract
This article examines the common approaches of famous Rezafi and Farokhi Yazdi to the political and social freedom of expression, freedom of thought, press freedom, and the freedom of workers and peasants through an analytical descriptive method based on the American School of Comparative Literature. The most important results of this article are that both poets devote their poetry to the liberation and liberation of the people in the form of tyranny, and have followed ethical issues in this regard, although Farrokhi Yazdi's insistence on freedom is more than the famous one.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2017)
Abstract
The current research is based on the theory of Lucien Goldman The creator of the work of art is the representative of a particular class whose collective thinking turned into a productive work by his author, the comparative-analytical study of the social sources of the poems of Donqle and Hosseini as intellectuals of the popular class. Prodotti explains the presence of collective thought in their mental network by examining the ideals of these two poets. The achievement of this study suggests that both poets have a duty to distinguish and to expand the collective thinking of ideals that are summed up in the land, justice and culture. They succeeded in fulfilling this mission against the society and the people's classes and their lost ideals, and obstacles to achieving these aspirations, which were often the result of malicious foreign policy and, in some cases, the mismanagement of internal leaders. , Identify.
Volume 2, Issue 3 (8-2017)
Abstract
This comparative study, based on the Slavic approach, explains the features of utopia in the poems of Sohrab Sepehri and Nazak al-Mulaakeh, two Persian and Arabic poets, and analyzed and analyzed the aspects of their sharing and differences with regard to the descriptions of the two poets at content level. The results of the research show that both the poets have taken refuge in their imaginative and poetical uranium to escape the reality of their community; and because of their romantic tendencies and similar social conditions, they have both common themes such as escape from poverty and The cruelty and attention is given to the world of childhood, nature and the countryside. But the different tendencies and experiences of the two poets have brought the utopian utopia closer to reality, giving it a national and socio-ethical dimension, and made Sohrab utopia more cryptic, mystical, moral, and transnational and global.
Volume 2, Issue 4 (3-2018)
Abstract
There are many similarities in the ups and downs of social and literary life of Nizar Qabbani, Arabic poet, and Ahmad Shamlu who is Iranian poet. This article examine concept of freedom in the poems of these two poets to consider differences and similarities of thought of the poets in this issue. People and rulers share in the acquisition and preservation of liberty, which these two poets have focused on both of them, using the symbol and the combination of lyrical concepts and political and social concepts, have presented their subject. Shamlu praises the freedom-loving people and defines “poverty” as lack of freedom. Qabbani tries to summon the people of the Arab lands to reform their affairs. he blames the heads of Arabic countries more, but does not name a certain person and notes the danger of the Jews. Ahmad Shamlu and Nizar Qabbani believe that gunfight is one of the ways which can be achieved freedom through it. So, they loathe silence of people against cruelty, autocracy and injustice, and they blame or chide and sometimes humiliate people for that. Both poets condemn autocracy and additionally they show their unique talent and genius in describing “freedom”. Clarity and simplicity of Nizar’s poems and mysterious and elusive words in Shamlu’s poesies are the characteristics of these two poets in the concept of freedom.
Maryam Daneshgar,
Volume 2, Issue 5 (3-2009)
Abstract
Ph.D. Student of Persian Language and Literature , Tehran University & Researcher of the Academy of Persian Language and Literature Romanticists have been the center of global attention for two decades by providing a new viewpoint in the fields of literal, cultural, social and political global studies. Romanticism as a live school of thought is a fundamental Part of modern culture more than being a real phenomenon of 19th century. Actually it is a new approach in global studies more than a mere literal school. The most important principle of this school is individualism, individual perfection and individual unlimitation,with emphasizing the role of imagination. From the literary aspect it is a new and ontological evaluation through poetry. Imagination has an important place in the aesthetics of Romanticism, actually the special approach of this school to Imagination, should have specified and distinguished it from the others. Modern art and literature in Iran comes from our familiarity with western thought which lead us to understand western culture and Philosophy. Definitely it is very important to understand different origins of this thought for a better understanding of it. In this article, we survey one of the Romanticism aesthetic features, i.e. "imagination" and its emergence in Persian poetry during the "constitutional time", as the earliest time of this style evolution.
Volume 2, Issue 5 (9-2004)
Abstract
The nature of the contemporary poetry lies in coming close to the new and innovative structure aimed at presenting the conscious and thoughtful meanings and throughout this productivity, it is owned to the Nimas’ mental creativity from classic poetry level to contemporary poetry birth.
The contemporary poetry enjoys a rotating structure based on the repetition of the half verse at the beginning and end which gives an especial strength to the poetry structure for inspiration of specified ideology. This repetition produces an episodic structure for the contemporary poetry like a strong skeleton while rebuilding the musical demerits due to removing the lateral poetic elements such as rhyme and identical rhyme, forming the poetry focus, coherence and poetry single tone, making stop in the poetry vertical interval aimed at promoting the reader’s mentality and keeping the poetry away from becoming weak and commonplace, emphasizing and imposing the poetry message, multiplying and releasing the meaning, multiplicity and variety of being entry.
Searching for direct and indirect meaning related reasons and symbol in the contemporary poetry structure especially in the poetry by Nima as the agent and architect of the Modern Poetry, is a fundamental question elaborated in this article.
Volume 2, Issue 6 (12-2004)
Abstract
Sahba ,F. ,Ph.D.
Abstract:
Metter which refers to an order in utterances and makes them more imaginative is an integral part of poetry. In spite of all efforts made aimed at ignoring meter and at extending the poetic prose, the Persian speakers are still inclined to prefer metrical poetry.
M.Sereshk-.Shafii Kadkani- theoretically believes that poetry is musical manifestation of language. This statement means that meter in the main component of Shafii kadkani’s poetries. With due regard to this theory, the present article is going to focus on and analyses the external music or meter in Nimaic Poems by Shafii Kadkani. For doing such research, one hundred samples of Nimaic poems have been studied respectively from the first half of the book “second millennium of the gazelle”(Hazareh-ye-Dovom-e-Ahou-ye-Kouhi) and the results have been presented by use of data analysis. Out of the result is that Shafii observed the rules and regulations established by Nima while Shafii has done some initiatives.
His choice of meter is unconscious. He has a natural inclination towards the meters such as “Ramal” and “Mozareh” exploited by Hafez, Saadi, and Molavi in their best sonnets. Caesuras, pauses, long syllables and short ones are selected in the most effective manner to convey emotions and meanings in his poems.
Volume 2, Issue 6 (12-2004)
Abstract
Omranpour ,M.R.,Ph.D.
This article is going to analyses rhyme in Nimaic Poems by Shafii kadkani. Therefore, Nimaic poems is extracted from the first two hundreds pages of The book Second Millenniumof the gazelle (Hazareh-ye-Dovom-e-Ahou-ye-Kouhi) including “Elegies on Kashmar’s Cypres” (Marthieha-ye-Sarv-e- Kashmar) “a line on Dejection” (Khati- Ze- Deltangi) and a part of “A Sonnet for the Sunflower” (Ghazal- Baraie- Gol-e- Aftabgardan) and are discussed based on various rhyme schemes.
Shafii Kadkani is aware of the miraculous power of rhyme and exploits different possibilities of rhyme for creation of devise music, link between utterances and etc. Rhyme in his poems can be studied variously. This article is based on analysis of internal rhymes, double rhymes, mixed rhymes and etc. The major element in the aesthetic analysis of his poetry is applicable to those rhymes in which he has innovation and creates parallel rhymes, balanced rhymes, etc. The result is indicates that he is more inclined to use balanced rhymes.
Volume 2, Issue 8 (9-2005)
Abstract
Mohammadi Asiabadi.A. ,PH.D.
Abstract:
Pseudonym (Takhalos), as it concerns Lyric Poem, is pen-name of a poet that comes at the final verse of a lyric poem. Despite the fact that great lyric poetries has used pseudonym in their works, nothing has been written by the scholar on it necessity. Since, Islamic and Iranian rhetoricians has not distinguished between poet and dramatic speaker, in Persian literature, theoretical essence and aesthetic value of pseudonym has remained unknown. However, the great poets were not ignorant of the essence and value of pseudonym. The use of contexts of the verses in pseudonym indicates that the great poets such as Hafiz, both in selection of their pseudonym and its use, had its own criteria. Discovering these criteria not only reveals the essence and value of pseudonym but also is useful in stylistics.
This is possible that in addition to general functions, pseudonym has some special functions; e.g. in poems of a poet such as Hafiz, it has special functions. One of the most important functions of pseudonym in Hafiz’s poems is development of ambiguity from poetry to poet.
Volume 3, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Sohrab Sepehri and Mikhail Naimeh, the two contemporary poets of Iran and Lebenan, have limited the layers of Mysticism in their poems, which regardless of the their eastern or Islamic origin, have been able to enlive and revive the legacy of literature of Sufism and Mysticism in the contemporary period and in the two Persian and Arabic literature. They have also been able to consider the concerns and demands of contemporary humans trapped in the social and political problems of themselves. The current research is looking for identifying Mysticism and Sufism themes in the poems of two poets, which made their poets more similar and more privileged or more distinct from other contemporary poets. We can mention some Mystical contents (roots) including intuition unity, soul’s unity with the universe, sufical solitude, love and its contraction with reason (wisdom), naturalism, sufical optimistic, explanation of good system, death of Mystical friendship, and being oppotyunist.
Volume 3, Issue 3 (10-2012)
Abstract
Death, existence and creation’s mystery are among of the most important subjects in literature and philosophy. Paul Valery and Khayyam, in spite of difference in their historical periods, have the same idea about death and existence.
In his poem, Valery describes a marine vista, which is the symbol of boundless soul. However, in this sight, by passage of the time, the soul is worn-out and destroyed.
Khayyam in his Rubaiyat considers fruitless thinking about the existence and the creation’s mystery.
In this article, we try to survey the concept of death and existence in Paul Valery’s “The Graveyard by the Sea” and Khayyam’s Rubaiyat, Finally, these questions would be replied: “Why Paul Valery and Khayyam feared from death?” “Whether this fear arouses from their pessimistic and narrow minded view or it has existentialism fundamental?” and “How does the poetical imagination change to be a scene for speaking of the depth of poet’s philosophical vision about death?”
Volume 3, Issue 4 (12-2012)
Abstract
Objective correlative is the non-vocal expression of emotions through a set of sophisticated situations, events which bring to the reader the same emotions. In other words, the writer instead of direct expression of emotions, illustrates them by object, situations and events in order to influence the reader. This disinterested or impersonal theory of foregrounding emotions or experiences in art and poetry is also being used in the poetic vocations of both Nima and Shamloo. So the present comparative study intends to show the manifestation of the term objective correlative in some of the poems by these two poets, which does not seem to have received so far a significant attention by the researchers. Of Nimas poems, the authors have selected: Guard of night, Night whole night and Night, Call him, and of Shamloo’s poetical vocations they have chosen: Rejected, Where is the flower, There is nothing to say, Euology, Connection, Ibrahim in the fire, and Plan.
Volume 3, Issue 5 (9-2015)
Abstract
The poems, written about work and job in the oral culture of Kohgiluyeh and Boyrahmad, constitute a large part of the literature of this land. The men and women in this province, in order to do anything, have ahomophonic poem with the work doer; this poem has theme and music corresponding with it and it is a good motivation to do things. These poems are a collection of thoughts, motivations and mental states during the work, and their literary richness indicates the people's literary history.
In the nomadic and rural society of Kohgiluyeh and Boyrahmad, the works such as rice-threshing, oak-threshing, milking, making buttermilk, rice transplantation and lamb-grazing have accompanied with reading poems, which were composed according to the situation and conditions of that work to speedup, make fun and escape from tiredness. This study investigates these poems.