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Showing 2 results for Philosophy for Children

Roghayye Zamanpour, Gahangir Safari, Ismail Sadegi, Hamid Rezaei,
Volume 15, Issue 58 (8-2022)
Abstract

Philosophy for children is one of the most important and comprehensive approaches to teaching children how to think. It uses various methods such as games, movies, animations, discussions, and stories to teach children how to think philosophically. One of the tricks that can be used as an effective means to achieve the goals of this program is the category of "humor". On the one hand, humor is related to the themes of philosophy for children, such as democracy, moral virtues, creative and critical thinking, social interaction, discourse and routine experiences of children, and on the other hand, it is close to Iranian humor culture and spirit, which will have a positive and effective function in the philosophy program for children. Humor can also play a role in increasing the literary richness of such stories, attracting the children of the audience' and influencing them through philosophical stories without disturbing the functions of philosophy by playing a role in characterizing, releasing and reinterpreting signs in children's philosophical stories for children and contributing to achieving the goals of this program.
Extended Abstract
Philosophy for Children is one of the most effective new curriculum and educational approaches currently being voluntarily implemented in 150 countries around the world. In this program, various methods such as games, films and animations, discussions and stories are used to teach children how to think philosophically. The main tools used in this program are stories and the community of inquiry. The stories should be written in terms of philosophical richness and literary richness according to the standards of philosophy for children. Philosophical richness refers to the philosophical content and literary richness refers to the charm of a story to attract children's attention. In this study, the category of humor was introduced and the function it can have for the philosophical and literary richness of Fabak's stories as well as for the development of the Community of Inquiry. On the one hand, humor establishes a connection with the topics of philosophy for children, such as democracy, moral virtues, creative and critical thinking, social interaction, discourse, and daily experiences of children, because humor requires being in a group and being influenced and affected in a pleasant way. and on the other hand, it is close to the culture and humorous spirit of Iranians, and for this reason, it will have a positive and effective function in the philosophy program for children. because the alignment of the methods used in the Fabak program with the culture of the audience is one of the requirements for the successful implementation of this program. In discussing the literary richness of stories, humor, by creating philosophical characters, releasing and decoding symbols, plays an effective role in increasing the literary richness of these types of stories, attracting children and influencing them from philosophical stories. These characteristics make humor an effective element in the philosophy program for children, which effectively achieves its goals without disrupting the philosophical and literary richness of this program.

Volume 29, Issue 2 (6-2022)
Abstract

The present research aims to investigate the effect of philosophy education on social problem solving and creativity of preschool children. The study is a quasi-experimental and conducted with pre- and post-test control group. The statistical population included preschool children of District 4 of Tehran. The sample consisted of 80 people who were selected in two-stage by random cluster sampling and were placed in two equal groups of experimental (40 subjects) and control (40 subjects). Torrance Diverted Thinking Test (1988) and Child Social Problem-Solving Test (2000) were administered as instruments. Both groups were evaluated in two stages of pre-test and post-test. Training sessions were conducted in 8 sessions, each with 45 minutes for the experimental group. Philosophy education was taught to children in all 8 sessions.  Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance by SPSS21. Results showed that Philosophy education had a significant effect on social problem solving of preschool children. The results also showed that Philosophy education had a significant effect on the creativity of preschool children (P≤0/05). According to ETA coefficient, the effect of education using the method of philosophical exploration circles on creativity (0.136) and on social problem-solving skills (0.079). Therefore, it is suggested that pre-school educators use this approach to develop social problem-solving abilities and enhance children's creativity.
 

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