---

For some time hermeneutics has been posed as a competitor for positivism in the field of cognitive and human sciences and has almost prevailed.The field of literature and interpretation of literary texts is one of the fields this branch has influenced.The aim of this article is to examine this subject , coin the term "Literary Hermeneutics" and explain how to apply it for interpreting literary texts,especially novels.To do that,we first define hermeneutics and then literary hermeneutics and its different circles and in the conclusion mention the obligations resulting from selecting each of these circles for interpretation.

---

 
Hosseini Beheshti.S.A. ,PH.D.
Abniki., H.
Abstract:
 
Paul Ricoeur, French thinker, gives priority to the text itself in his literary hermeneutics and is categorized in the text-centered group. He puts forward this key question in his theory if a literary text has semantic autonomy. He believes that the text has semantic autonomy based on three dimensions of  1) Author’s intention ,2) Primary reader and 3) Social-historical circumstances of the text production. According to this interpretation, the text is an array of words having meaning and the consciousness and intent of author and it’s social-historical conditions haven’t any role in formation of it’s meaning. It should be mentioned that there has been too controversies over this matter, that is, semantic autonomy of text, that each of controversies has noted to special dimension of it. One of these controversies is the subject of this essay, that is going to see to Paul Ricoeur’s literary and text-centered hermeneutics from the view of it’s function for interpretation of political novel. Therefore, in this essay, the existing political concepts in the political novel are important. The concepts like power, authority, and etc, that can make Ricoeur’s text model fragile, because Ricoeur’s work doesn’t provide a framework for interpretation of the political texts, in general, and political novel, in particular, by virtue of it’s focus over semantic conditions (Autonomy of the text from author and it’s social-historical circumstances).
 
 

---

Gadamer under the influence of Heidegger's views on the subject of Dasein's understanding, language, linguisticality, and historicity. , Founded a philosophical hermeneutics. Without reading the text, like his predecessors, Schleiermacher and Dilthey by adopting the method, and focusing on the author in pursuit of the author's intentions, or the reader as the focal point of the subject of understanding and reading the text, Inspired by Heidegger's ontological philosophy Correspondence Subject - subject between the reader and the text, and the Fusion of horizons is the final result of the dialogue between the reader and the text. While one of the most important misconceptions about Gadamerian philosophical hermeneutics in popular research is that it is mistakenly interpreted from the philosophical hermeneutics to hermeneutic reader-centered.This mistake is rooted in such reasons as: the lack of attention to changing the methodological approach in philosophical hermeneutics to the political approach, the wrongly interpretation of the concept of adaptation or application in philosophical hermeneutics, the lack of attention to the concept of play in philosophical hermeneutics, the distinction of subject and object, and the lack of precise attention to The Fusion of horizons in philosophical hermeneutics is a lack of separation between the realm of philosophical hermeneutics and literary hermeneutics and ....The present research studies the roots of this misunderstanding.