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In historical studies, period is a regulative concept. It helps historians of arts and sciences classify historical information. In most literary histories, periodization is the most essential basis of division. Periodization also was applied in literary studies like rhetorics. For example, Shawqi Zaif has divided the history of Islamic-Arabic rhetorics into periods. In this article, we are to propose a schema for periodization of history of Persian rhetorics. System of Persian rhetorics was originally derived from Arabic rhetorics but the quality and quantity of adaptation in different periods wasn’t the same. In some cases, Persian rhetoricians came up with important innovations in periodization and sometimes they made use of rhetorics of the other civilizations for instance Indian rhetorics in order to study aesthetical aspects of Persian literature. Base on the historical era they were living in and the similarities of their approaches, we can distinguish four different periods: 1. Localization Period: This period, as the first period of Persian rhetorics, includes the most important books of Persian rhetorics: Tarjoman al-balaqa, Hadaeq al-sehr, and Al-mo’jam fi ma’air ash’ar al-ajam; 2. Interpretation and Imitation Period: Most of rhetoric books in this period are interpretations of previous period; 3. Pseudo- Indian Period: In this period, a few rhetoricians try to apply Indian rhetorics to Persian literature; 4. Scholastic Period: The last period is a contemporary one and includes new rhetorical textbooks.

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 Naser-Qoli Sarli.PH.D
 
Abstract   
In the Islamic rhetorical discourse, metaphor counts as a significant literary figure of speech, which is also quite controversial. Today, we need to re-read the Islamic rhetoric due to some reasons and especially study the process of the theory discussing the completion of metaphor. However we face some problems in this path such as; the synthetic and combinative nature of the concept of metaphor, the diversity of definitions given on metaphor in the history of rhetoric, lack of a clear border in the definition of metaphor on one hand and its relation with some other figures of speech within the theory of ‘completion of metaphor’ in history, on the other hand. This essay intends to offer a new scheme for the theory of completion of metaphor with having all the mentioned obstacles in mind, finding theoretical principles for writing about the history of metaphor. In the suggested scheme, the combined concept of metaphor is separated into three ‘Arabic’, ‘Greek’ and Al-Jurjani’ perceptions and each of them is surveyed within an independent narration from a historical perspective. In the final report, the completion of the ‘Islamic Metaphor’ which results from the synthesis and interaction of the three mentioned perceptions is conveyed. This paper hopes to be a theoretical plot for writing the history of metaphor in Islamic rhetoric.
 
 

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 Naser-Qoli Sarli.PH.D
 
Abstract   
In the Islamic rhetorical discourse, metaphor counts as a significant literary figure of speech, which is also quite controversial. Today, we need to re-read the Islamic rhetoric due to some reasons and especially study the process of the theory discussing the completion of metaphor. However we face some problems in this path such as; the synthetic and combinative nature of the concept of metaphor, the diversity of definitions given on metaphor in the history of rhetoric, lack of a clear border in the definition of metaphor on one hand and its relation with some other figures of speech within the theory of ‘completion of metaphor’ in history, on the other hand. This essay intends to offer a new scheme for the theory of completion of metaphor with having all the mentioned obstacles in mind, finding theoretical principles for writing about the history of metaphor. In the suggested scheme, the combined concept of metaphor is separated into three ‘Arabic’, ‘Greek’ and Al-Jurjani’ perceptions and each of them is surveyed within an independent narration from a historical perspective. In the final report, the completion of the ‘Islamic Metaphor’ which results from the synthesis and interaction of the three mentioned perceptions is conveyed. This paper hopes to be a theoretical plot for writing the history of metaphor in Islamic rhetoric.
 
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