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According to the doctrine of the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, one of the basic functions of the Holy Spirit is to transform people into a new creation, which is necessary for salvation. On the other hand, man is an independent being who has the right to choose between happiness and misery. The serious issue is how a free man is placed in the course of divine inner guidance. In this study, Alston's sharing model can reasonably defend the position of authority. Based on this model, the Christian believer, in indwelling the Holy Spirit within himself, gets knowledge and awareness of what is good and feels that he wants to show a proper and appropriate reaction. This model plays an important role in all transformations of the Holy Spirit and simultaneously permits human free will.
 

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Distinguishing between mental and non-mental phenomena requires clear marks. This article examines one perspective on the marks of the mental phenomena. Tuomas K. Pernu offers a "cluster" approach to identifying the marks of the mental phenomena. To differentiate between mental and physical phenomena, which serves as his guide in identifying mental characteristics, Pernu introduces the notions of intentionality, consciousness, free will, teleology, and normativity. After presenting Pernu’s view, this article critically examines his approach. The relationship of this perspective to essentialistic investigations of the mind is assessed, and several questions and critiques regarding his view are raised and addressed. Pernu’s proposed list is deemed incomplete. Furthermore, the article examines how the last three marks on Pernu’s list can be understood as characteristics of mental phenomena. Finally, a methodological proposal is presented to refine the process of discovering the features of mental states.
 

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There seems to be a strong dualism throughout the novel, Chess with the Doomsday Machine, both in the images of the text and its narrator’s viewpoint. The story revolves around the eight-year Iran-Iraq War and purportedly follows the typical novels of the “Holy Defence” genre in which the most significant theme is the human choice of divine sacrifice; on the other hand, there are elements of an absurd worldview in the text in which wars and the entirety of the creation are viewed fatalistically. This dualism gets stronger in the paratexts of the novel. Paratexts, in Genette’s theory, are the surrounding elements of the text by which the text proposes itself as a book to its readers, and more generally to the public. While inner paratexts of the studied novel, like the title, the cover, and its appendages and epigraphs show an absurd viewpoint, its outer ones, such as the dedication of the work, notes of the author and the publisher’s propaganda, try to misrepresent it as a work with a “Holy Defence” discourse. Some of this dualism is because of the open ending of the story and some is due to the authorial out-of-text decisions such as choosing the publisher, Sure-ye Mehr, that is famous for its ideological books. It seems that the dualism of the paratexts of Chess with the Doomsday Machine is a result of the author’s insight into the different types of readers whose satisfaction has been at the center of the author’s attention.

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The idea of predestination and free will and the role or lack of fate in life events have always existed in the minds of thinkers and have been reflected in different ways and works. The common people have been involved with these two dimensions, and its manifestations have entered the folklore and native literature of a land and region. The purpose of this article was to examine the deterministic view in the folktales of Hormozghan province, from perspectives such as the roots and reasons for the spread of this idea, those quarreling fate, the degree of fit between fate and an individual's competence, the issues supported by fate, among others. Reasons such as the inability of the populace to make changes and achieve their desired goals, religious and historical roots and the remnants of some Zurvanism beliefs are among the factors that lead to this idea. Emphasizing the role of fate is one of the weak points of plot in these stories and the weakening of rational actions. There is no logical connection in many cases in terms of the proportionality of the power of fate and a person's ability. In these stories, fate is present as an active and powerful fictional character or as a judge who regulates their actions and results so that, in the end, the supported character is defeated against powerful quarrelers such as the king. From the thematic point of view, the most frequent topic supported by fate is the marriage of two characters.