Aims: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the most prevalent health problems and one of the causes of occupational disability in administrative professions. This study aimed to describe the rate of skeletal disorders among Office Workers (OWs) in Khoi Health Center.
Method and Materials: In this descriptive study using convenience sampling, 100 OWs patients were selected from the Khoi Health Center under the supervision of the Khoi Faculty member of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire in which questions were related to various MSDs, The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale and Roland – Morris Disability Questionnaire were raised. Data were  entered into SPSS 19 software and analyzed using descriptive analysis.
Findings: In total, 100 OWs participated in the study and answered the questions (100% response rate). Back pain and neck pain were the most common complaint areas of the participants, respectively (83%). Twenty participants (20%) of OWs stated that they did not pursue any pain treatment or pain management. Also, the majority of participants (N=100, 100%) believed that they have pain in different parts of the body. However, 85 participants (85%) stated that they frequently change their position to keep their back comfortable. However, the mean expression of pain by the participants was moderate, and 85 participants (85%) stated that they had difficulty sitting in a chair for several hours.
Conclusions: This study showed that most of the studied OWs suffered from some kind of chronic skeletal disorders without any treatment/pain management. Therefore, it is highly recommended to conduct further studies to confirm these results in this special target group who work in the Khoi health center and investigate the causes of pain.

Aims: Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs), particularly Chronic Low Back Pain (CLBP), are a growing public health concern among office workers due to sedentary work styles. This study will aim to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of WMSDs among office workers in Khoi, Iran.
Method and Materials: A descriptive study will be conducted with a convenience sample of 100 office workers at Health Centers in Khoi, Iran. Data will be collected through a selfadministered questionnaire on demographics characteristics, work-related factors of musculoskeletal disorders and musculoskeletal symptoms and finally will be analyzed through SPSS.
Conclusion: This study will provide a positional approach in order to be able to determine the situation of WMSDs and related factors among office workers in Khoi, Iran. Additionally, based of these data, the researchers could design proper interventional preventive program to improving their WMSDs and reducing related among office workers.

If we consider language not as a mirror reflecting struggles, but as the subject and tool of struggles, then we should use the signifier of discourse, which makes the concepts of power and language understandable in a continuous and inseparable conceptual entanglement. This article aims to analyze the text of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi as one of the most influential classical texts of Persian literature with a discursive method. In other words, by placing this text in its discursive context and its dialectical relationship with power, and understanding this text as the field of conflict between powers and conflicting discourses of society, a new understanding of it can be achieved. In order to achieve this goal, Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method is used to perform micro-textual analysis, and Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory is used to perform macro-discourse analysis of Bayhaghi era. The text of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, as shown, does not reflect the true struggle, but itself, is part of the struggle process. This text is influenced by the chain of ruling discourses and is used against peripheral discourses. Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, under the influence of the discourse that pulls the bipolar mind of the text to a directional representation of the flow of affairs, highlights the ruling discourses and marginalizes the peripheral discourses.
Extended Abstract
Introduction
Discourse is a special way of understanding the world, a special understanding and a special way of speaking that pushes other possible ways of understanding the world to the sidelines by highlighting itself. In fact, language - which is the common thread of all different discourses - is structured in the framework of formats that are governed by ideological disciplines. These structured formats - which are discourses - are fighting in an irreconcilable way to reach the hegemonic position in the whole society. If we consider language not as a mirror reflecting struggles, but as the subject and tool of struggles, then we should use the signifier of discourse, which makes the concepts of power and language understandable in a continuous and inseparable conceptual entanglement.

Methodology
This article aims to analyze the text of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi as one of the most influential classical texts of Persian literature with a discursive method. In other words, by placing this text in its discursive context and its dialectical relationship with power, and understanding this text as the field of conflict between powers and conflicting discourses of society, a new understanding of it can be achieved. In order to achieve this goal, Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method is used to perform micro-textual analysis, and Laclau and Mouffe's discourse theory is used to perform macro-discourse analysis of Bayhaghi era. Due to the expanse of the text of the book, and the limitation of the article, only one theoretical topic (sermon) and two historical-fictional topics (the story of Afshin and Budolaf - and the nobles of Ray's response to Sultan Masoud) have been selected for analysis.
Discussion and conclusion
The sermon presents three parables comparing: the kingdom of Alexander and Ardashir Sassanid, the rise of the Ghaznavids, not having the privilege of the Iranian race, and comparing the hierarchy of the government structure with the human body, and in all three by justifying and giving priority to the Ghaznavid rulers, it marginalizes the competing discourse. In two historical-fictional stories, the story of Afshin and Budolaf, which has a very strong narrative aspect and is therefore very influential, has been chosen to explain the bipolar mentality and highlight Us and make Them alien. "Them" in this story is a racial alienation, which is indeed Afshin, the general of army of the Caliphate, but of Iranian race. In the story of the nobles of Ray's response to Sultan Masoud and their devotion to him, the fear and ingratitude of the people make the Ghaznavid rulers and Sunnid discourse stand out and marginalize Al-e Bouyeh rulers and Shia discourse.
The text of Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, as shown, does not reflect the true struggle, but itself, is part of the struggle process. This text is influenced by the chain of ruling discourses and is used against peripheral discourses. Tarikh-e Beyhaqi, under the influence of the discourse that pulls the bipolar mind of the text to a directional representation of the flow of affairs, highlights the ruling discourses and marginalizes the peripheral discourses.
 

In this article, rarefied gas flow was investigated and analyzed by the Fokker-Planck approach in different Knudsen numbers and Mach numbers at subsonic and supersonic regimes. The presented Fokker-Planck approach is used to solve the rarefied gas flows in different shear-driven micro/nano geometries like one-dimensional Couette flow and the two-dimensional cavity problem. Boltzmann's equation, and especially statistical technique of the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC), are precise tools for simulating non-equilibrium flows. However, as the Knudsen number becomes small, the computational costs of the DSMC are greatly increased. In order to cope with this challenge, the Fokker-Planck approximation of the Boltzmann equation is considered in this article. The developed code replaces the molecular collisions in DSMC with a set of continuous stochastic differential equations. In this study, the Fokker-Planck method was evaluated in the Couette flow in the subsonic Mach number of 0.16 (wall velocity was 50 m/s) and in the supersonic Mach number of 3.1 (wall velocity was 1000 m/s), where Knudsen numbers range from 0.005-0.3. Also, the cavity flow with a wall Mach number of 0.93 (wall velocity was 300 m/s) in Knudsen numbers ranging from 0.05-20 was investigated. The results show that by increasing speed and Knudsen numbers, the accuracy of Fokker-Planck increases. In addition, despite using larger number of simulator particles, the rapid convergence and lower computational costs relative to other methods are the features of this method.

 
The 2005 Zarand earthquake occurred on February 22 at 02:25:26, according to local time in Kerman province in Iran. The main Shock measured 6.5 on moment magnitude scale. Finding causative fault properties and parameters of this earthquake to get reliable values is priority of most researchers. Earthquake source parameters serve as a noteworthy database for synthesizers in seismology and as an essential starting point for the applied theoreticians. Determination of source parameters could make feasible a new level of understanding in many seismological studies that can be used with reported earthquake locations simultaneously to demonstrate boundaries of tectonic plates. It can provide critical information for earthquake hazard assessment and for improved understanding of the earthquake process. Moving towards exact and precise determination of source parameters is essential to reduce uncertainty at other desired stages. The primary purpose of this study is to ameliorate estimation of source parameters and computer simulations of earthquakes, examine the effect of a two sets of rupture parameters on synthesized strong ground motion via forward modelling and checking that which set parameters can be used to predict very realistic source parameters confirmed with Finite fault method. Source parameters of the 2005 Zarand earthquake have already been computed using diverse studies, including seismicity, the earth’s surface deformation field, and rupture characteristics. Each of these studies proposes different mechanisms for this earthquake.
Methodology
Satellite SAR data can gather different information of fault’s physical and geometric situation, because of imagery of two different geometry (ascending and descending), that this lead to optimum extraction of any causative fault parameters. InSAR has become a commonly used technique to measure surface deformation. Measurements by the SAR satellites are made obliquely below the satellite during both ascending orbits (where observations are made from the west) and descending orbits (where observations are made from the east). Two pairs of ascending and descending ENVISAT/ASAR images are available to study the coseismic deformation field of the Zarand 2005 earthquake. We can reconstruct earthquake causative fault parameters using combination of SAR observations and elastic displacement modelling (Okada, 1985). (Feigl, 2002) demonstrated the principles of obtaining earthquake causative fault parameters through elastic displacement modelling using SAR observations.
Though the source parameters are assumed completely unknown, we must set, for each parameters, a range of values between a lower and upper values. In fact, the basic premise for calculating source parameters of an earthquake using SAR observations in inversion processing will be some numbers with appropriate variation ranges.
Strong ground motion data provides researchers with very important information about the simulation of ground motion, rupture processes of earthquakes and consequently source parameters of an earthquake. Finite-fault modeling is widely used for the prediction of ground motion near the epicenters of large earthquakes. In the stochastic model, a large fault is divided into N subfaults, and each subfault is considered as a point source. A random slip distribution is assumed by using a random number as the basis to assign a relative slip to each subfault. Ground motions due to subfaults are calculated by the stochastic point-source method and are summed with an appropriate delay time to produce the motion due to the whole rupture. We have used the extended earthquake fault simulation program EXSIM (Motazedian & Atkinson, 2005) to simulate ground motion.
The study is based on data recorded by the Iranian Strong Motion Network which is run by the Building and Housing Research Center (BHRC). The data are recorded by three-component SSA-2 accelerometers with a threshold of 10 Gals at a sampling rate of 200 samples per second. This earthquake is recorded at the Zarand, Chatrud, Ravar, Horjand, Dasht-e-Khak, Davaran, Kerman1, Kerman2, Hinaman, Baghin, Tarz, Rafsanjan, Bardsir, Sirch, Kuhbanan, Shahr-e-Babak, Bayaz, Anar, Bahadoran, Bahabad, Pariz, Bafgh, Molla Esmaeil, Nayband, Mehriz, Cheshme Sabz, Saadat Abad and Darbehesht stations. In the next step, accelerograms simulation using estimated causative fault parameters in each satellite orbit is done, using stochastic finite fault method. Then results of both ascending and descending orbit are compared to observed values in each station.
Results and discussion
We use the maximum values recorded in each station and obtain results of simulated satellite data to final assessment. The results are demonstrated that the lowest difference in maximum values recorded in each orbit, belong to obtained results of satellite descending orbit data modelling with 5.36% accuracy in comparison to ascending orbit with 7.51% accuracy. Finally, the width, length, strike, dip, rake, depth, slip and coordinates of center causative fault of Zarand earthquake are 6.5 km, 15 km, 279 deg, 90 deg, 55 deg, 5 km, 2.9 m, 483333.4 easting and 3406437 northing, respectively. This procedure allows us to move forward from results with less accuracy to greater one for fault parameters.
Conclusion
The maximum absolute value of accelerograms is used for comparing between synthetic and observed peak ground acceleration in time series. We can say that estimated causative fault parameters for 2005 Zarand earthquake of descending orbit data is more accurate in comparison to ascending orbit data. Finally, we compare our results with Building and Housing Research Centre (BHRC) of Iran, Iranian Seismological Center(IGUT), USGS, IIEES, ISC, CMT catalogue, Talebian et al. (2006), Nicknam et al. (2007), Rouhollahi et al. (2012) reports. Our obtained depth is more similar to Talebian et al. (2006) report. The length of our fault is similar to Nicknam et al. (2007), Rouhollahi et al. (2012) reports. Our width of fault is differ from other studies. Our obtained strike is exactly similar to USGS one’s. Our dip and rake is differ from other studies. Our slip for Zarand causative fault is very similar to Rouhollahi et al. (2012) one’s.