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Showing 12 results for Rasmi


Volume 1, Issue 3 (10-2014)
Abstract

Background: Age-related differences in the ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity of CYP1A1 and its inducibility in rats may determine the toxic potential of acetaminophen.  This study was carried out to compare the effects of acetaminophen (APAP) and β-naphthoflavone (βNF) on CYP1A1 activity in young and adult rats. Methods: For this purpose, young and adult rats (n = four / group) were treated with different doses of APAP. Likewise groups of young and adult rats were treated with a single dose of β-naphthoflavone (βNF, 67 mg / kg b.w). EROD was measured in microsomal fraction using resorufin as the substrate. Results:The results showed that a single i. p. injection of APAP (25 mg / kg B.W.) failed to alter liver microsomal EROD in young and adults. Whereas, in adults treated with 250 and 450 mg APAP / kg B.W, liver CYP1A1 was elevated to about 45 and 60% respectively. The rate of CYP1A1 induction in young rats with single dose of APAP (450 mg/kg B.W) was approximately 32%. Induction in CYP1A1 was noticed 4 h after APAP injection and returned to normal levels in 24 h. The inducibility of CYP1A1 in rats treated with a toxic dose of APAP was comparable to the data obtained from animals treated βNF, 67 mg / kg b.w. Conclusion: These results together with our previous reports indicate a similar pattern of changes in CYP1A1 in both the age-groups treated with toxic doses of APAP may suggest that the inducible CYP1A1 can equally contribute to protection against liver damage in young and adult rats.

Volume 4, Issue 11 (1-2016)
Abstract

In study of world epic, we see the stories on the battle of father and son's. In some of them father kills his son and in another the son kills his father but some have relies on the taste of reader and tries to show their champion to be alive. The similarities in these stories ask this question that if these contents have single origin or each story is vernacular for his country. This article studies the stories of "Rostam and Sohrab" and "Koroglou and Kordouglu", the Turkish epic. Multiple similarities in these stories inspire us that the source of Korouglu and Korluglu is Firdowsi's Shahnameh. The similarity of Plot, motifs , characters , and other properties highlight this fact.

Volume 5, Issue 12 (3-2017)
Abstract

The folk legends are considered as a part of valuable treasure of each culture. In Azarbayjan, legends have irrefrangible connection  with the name Aşig,  since , they are the heir of all epic , martial, festive stories of Azerbayjan. In one of this stories entitled Asli and Karam the hero of the story is similar to Qognos. All the story get vivified by lyrics of the hero, but at the end he burns and changes to ashes. This story connects with the elements of extraordinariness. In this study, the motifs of extraordinariness as apple, dream, wine of love and etc. are studied. The text of story is totally full of love motifs. This story begins with the birth of story’s hero with an apple and ends in the motif of magic cloth. The hero of the story has a passive personality and just suffers, and tolerates. For this reason the story lacks the epic aspects. This article investigates the motifs of Asli and Karam story

Volume 5, Issue 16 (9-2017)
Abstract

The contents of Taher and Zohreh's tale in Iran's variants (Turkman and Azarbayjan)
Abstract
The hidden myths in the folk tales explain historic identity of nations. One of these tales that has current in Asia Minor, central Asia, Azarbayjan and Arrant is Taher and Zohreh's tale. The tale is description of alignment of love in front of grudge, faith in front of perjury and revival against tradition. The tale as other "Asiglar" stories a bught contents is very rich. With due attention to this point that accomplished any study in Iran ,this article study interpret the contents of Taher and Zohreh's tale in two variants of Turkman and Azarbayjan , because each variant has particulars for its as the episode of Mahim in Turkman variant and "Analar Gosni"(redeploy of women) in variant of Azarbayjan, and show their contents in five parts :religious, generosity, surprising ,amorous and epic and show their similarities and differences.
Key Words: tale, Taher and Zohreh, Turkam, Azarbayjan

Volume 6, Issue 3 (fall 2018)
Abstract

Positive psychology is a new movement in psychology science that emphasis to build and deployment positive excitement to creation shield and obstacle in front of spirit disorders and the increase of happiness. This approach emphasis to the recognition of factors and nourishment of capabilities which assemble promotion health and happiness. Theoretical base of positive psychology belongs to Martin Seligman. He believed that joy includes delightful, commitments and significant life. Positive excitement which positive psychology emphasis to it, create better power for compatibility and, resiliency in confronting to the life's problems. Movlana s opinions as one of greatest Persian literature Gnostics and poets, containing to more outstanding psychology doctrine. This poet and gnostic in his massive Manavi, show most various psychotherapy methods practically.in this research has been tried to analysis in one of masnavi s story as "nomadic Arab and his poor wife", cure method as "strengths-centered counseling" which is one of the cure methods of positive psychotherapy. Until has been distinguished that movlana s opinion have many of capacity psychology in addition to literary and aesthetics capacity.

Volume 10, Issue 3 (Fall 2022)
Abstract

The myth of the hero, which is accompanied by a lot of wisdom and inspiration, expresses the human desire for transformational growth. The audience of this myth identifies with the hero, and in fact, mythology creates a context where a person can transform and reach perfection by reading and listening to it. One of the famous stories of Turkish nations, that has different narratives in Iran, Azerbaijan, Tatar, Turkmen, Uzbek, Cyprus, Anatolia, among others, is the story of "Taher and Zohreh". This story, which like other Ashiqlar literatures, is the symbol of the hero's death and rebirth, happens many times throughout the story. In the course of the story, apart from mmetempsychosis, the protagonist experiences four types of rebirth: 1. renovation, 2. Indirect re-birth, 3. reincarnation, and 4. resurrection. What dies is usually the former "self" of the hero who, by his death and rebirth, marks the awakening of society. This death can be the death of doubt, breach of contract, betrayal, lies, and deceit, who dies by love, that is always manifested in human life. This article examines the death and repetitive rebirth of the hero in the story of “Taher and Zohreh” based on the narratives of Iran, Gebres and Kumuk with descriptive and analytical method.



Volume 10, Issue 48 (February and March 2022)
Abstract

Examining the history of Ashiqs confirms that the peak of the literary creativity of Ashiqs is tied to the period of Safavid rule, and the evolution of Ashiq art took place after that period. One of the famous Ashiqs of Azerbaijan is "AşheqGhorbani". AshiqGhorbani is one of the Ashiqs committed to the court of Shah Ismail Safavi, who was famous and accepted during his lifetime. There is no information about the biography of Ghorbani in the historical sources, but his biography is based on his poems and the story that is narratedin the name of him and his beloved Pari or Parizad, a story that, like other stories of Ashiqlar, is connected with mythology. In addition to Iran, this story is also famous in Azerbaijan and Turkey with differences in epizods. In addition to examining the history of the Ghorbani, this article has compared the storey of "AshiqGhorbani and Pari" in the narratives of Iran and Turkey.


Volume 11, Issue 1 (Winter 2025)
Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates and to detect their metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) genes.
Materials & Methods: Three hundred urine samples collected from patients with suspected urinary tract infection (UTI) were evaluated for the presence of UPEC isolates. These isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing to determine multidrug-resistance (MDR) and XDR profiles. Imipenem or meropenem-resistant isolates were evaluated for MBL production using modified carbapenem inactivation (mCIM) and EDTA-CIM (eCIM) methods. PCR was carried out to identify the presence of MBL genes, including blaGIM, blaSIM, blaVIM-1, blaVIM-2, blaSPM-1, blaIMP-1, blaIMP-2, blaNDM, and blaKPC.
Findings: Out of 300 urine samples, 200 (66.66%) were positive for UTI. Among these, 150 were caused by UPEC. The highest antimicrobial resistance was against cefepime (88%) and ampicillin (85.3%), while the highest susceptibility was against imipenem (91.7%) and fosfomycin (84%). MDR and XDR profiles were detected in 145 (96.66%) and 5 (3.33%) isolates, respectively.  Overall, five UPEC isolates were XDR and resistant to imipenem and meropenem. All these isolates were positive for mCIM, while four were positive for eCIM. The blaNDM gene was found in all five isolates, while the other MBL genes were not found.
Conclusion: The existence of MDR and XDR bacteria poses a significant risk to public health. blaNDM is circulating in UPEC strains at least in Nasiriya province, Iraq. This could lead to increased resistance to carbapenems among Enterobacteriaceae, a serious threat to public health.

Atekeh Rasmi, Sakineh Rasmi,
Volume 11, Issue 44 (Winter 2018)
Abstract

There is a great accordance between Campbell’s mono myth and the archetype of hero’s journey in the epopee of “Mehro-mah”. Mah, Bedakhshan’s prince, has been invited to a journey by seeing a dream about Mehr who is the princess of Rome. King of Bedakhshan attempts to present that dream as an imagination and not real and avoid his son of going to that far land. However, the mendicant of Bedakhshan cave encourages Mahr to start his journey with mercury. In his journey, Mah encounters so many dangers and was able to overcome the examinations and finally marries Mehr. After getting together with his beloved, he feels reluctant to return to his home town. However, in one Spring celebration he suddenly remembers of his father and land. At the same time Khezr appears in front of him and informs him of his father’s death. The shocking news turns Mah in such a distressed condition that leads to his death. Later Mehr and other close friends of them also passed away and they were all buried in a garden which was later called “Rozatol-ahbab”.This essays tries to match the steps of hero’s journey to Campbell’s theory. The archetype of journey to which most of the hero’s journey can be matched has been founded by Josef Campbell based on Jung’s opinion. According to this theory the hero’s journey is constructed in three levels : 1.transformation 2.atonement 3.return. the main core of this theory is called mono myth.

Volume 11, Issue 53 (November and December 2023)
Abstract

Introduction
One of the important branches of literature is comparative literature which compares the literature of different nations.There are characters among the nations that their story of life originated from a single stream as of Köroğli the epic hero of the Turkic nations and Antarat Ibn Shaddad, the epic hero of the Arab nation. Elements like horse and mythical sword, love, generosity, poetry compare the characters of these two heroes. This article compare the personality of these two heroes descriptive-analytical and in a comparative method. 

Discussion
Among the comparable characters that have not been researched so far, it is possible to mention the epic hero of the Turkic nations, Köroğli and the brave Arab rider, Antara, whose poetry contains epic elements.Although according to some researchers, due to the historical, social, cultural and climatic conditions, there is no epic work among the Arabs such as Egypt, etc, Antara's poem - which actually describes the heroism of himself and his tribe - is boastful that can be considered an epic with a little tolerance. Both heroes, having love and taking advantage of their moral virtues, such as self-restraint, tyranny, the fight between good and evil, have expressed bravery and courage, while the mythological elements are prominent in their life stories.
Research background
Many articles and works have been written about Köroğli and Antara, like the valuable work of Köroğli in Legend and History (Raisnia, 1987) and several articles such as:''The comparative study of Köroğlu and Rostam's stories''(Rasmi, 2013), ''The dramatic and adaptive aspects of Köroğli s epic'' (Fakhri, 2013), ''Connection of love and epic in Shāhnāmeh and the story of Köroğlu''(Rasmi and Rasmi, 2015). Regarding Antara, there are also articles such as ''Investigating the sense of inferiority in 'Antarat Ibn Shaddad' character in his poems''(AfkhamiAghda et al., 2017), ''A comparative look at the position of horse in the epic of Shahnameh and Antara’s book of epic poetry(Pirzadania et al., 2018), and ''A study of the elements of epic in Antara’s Ode''(Zibayi, 2016); however, no research has been presented so far regarding the adaptation of these two Turkic and Arabic epic characters, which having similar mythological elements and common characteristics.
Research methodology
This article discusses the mythological elements and common features of two characters from two nationalities in a descriptive, analytical and comparative way. The basis of the story of Köroğli  is the ''epopee of Köroğli '' composed by Sakineh Rasmi, which is published in 206 pages by the Persian Language and Literature Academy and  the basis of the research of Antarat's story is his Divan of poems, 
Research questions
1. Which of the mythological elements is actually used in the stories of Köroğli and Antara?
2. What is the common feature that makes compatible two Turkic and Arabic characters?
Conclusion
There are always heroes and brave men among different nations who, in addition to their bravery, have become popular among the people, and their names have been immortalized on the page of history as epic heroes. Köroğli, the epic hero whose name has crossed geographical and historical boundaries, is one of these heroes who is famous among the nations of Iran, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, etc., the character of this hero, due to the mythological elements of the horse and the hero's sword having heroic and fighting qualities,is comparable to the story of Antarat Ibn Shaddad. 
References
AfkhamiAghda, R., &Jamshidi, F.(2017).Investigating the sense of inferiority in 'Antarat Ibn Shaddad' Character in his poems, 8(14), 27-52.
Pirzadnia,M.,&Ahikhteh, F., &Ahikhteh, T. (2018).A comparative look at the position of horse in the epic of Shahnameh and Antara’s book of epic poetry, 9(17), 1-19.
Raisnia, R. (1987). 1987 Köroğlu in legend and history.Nima publication.
Rasmi, S., &Rasmi, A. (2013).The comparative study of Koroglu and Rostam's stories.Culture and Folk Literature, 1(2).
Rasmi.S., &Rasmi, A. (2015).Connection of love and epic in Shāhnāmeh and the story of 1987 Köroğlu,11(40), 209-237.
Zibayi,M. (2016). A study of the elements of epic in Antara’s Ode,8(15), 87-122.



Volume 19, Issue 78 (12-2022)
Abstract

The horse was of special importance to the ancient Iranians.Victory and honour of Iranians is prove to be true by this noble and profitable animal. In turkish nations ,horse is rechoned holy also and he is always considered as friend of hero and a partner in his victories. "Giarat, horse of Korogli is a symbolic animal that is associated with myth. Having a marine origin and breeding in the terrestrial world has given a special place to  him  and sometimes the winged feature in some narrations attributes his to the worlds of water, earth and air. The victory of the hero over the enemy is not possible without his company .In addition to boldness and arrogance, Girat has human characteristics, feels responsible for Korogli, understands his words, and in general is brother of hero and disappears or die with  him  in various narrations. This article studies the characteristics of Girat, the most important mythical element in the narrations of different nations of Korogli's story. It,s characteristics can be seen in the mythical horses of Shahnameh, especially Rakhsh, but due to the oral nature of Korogli's story and being in the realm of popular stories, the myth of Girat is more prominent  than the mythical horses of Shahnameh.


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