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Grass flies of the subfamily Chloropinae were studied in the Shabestar region, East Azerbaijan province- Iran, during 2013–2014. As a result, 26 species belonging to 12 genera were identified of which one genus and three species are as new records for the insect fauna of Iran: Phyladelphus Becker, 1910; Lagaroceras curtum Sabrosky, 1961; Neohaplegis glabra (Duda, 1933) and Phyladelphus thalhammeri, Becker 1910.

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Mnemiopsis leidyi population activities first were recorded during the coastal observations in 2001 in which its population considerably increased afterward and now sustained the southern Caspian Sea. Maximum summer-autumn M. leidyi abundance was recorded in euphotic layer in 2002 (851±85 ind.m^-3) and maximum biomass was in 2001 with 48.1±14.4 g.m^-3) while minimum were in aphotic layer. In years 2003 to 2011, M. leidyi abundance and biomass sharply declined to 1-843 ind.m^-3 and 0.07-37.7 g.m^-3, respectively. The length-frequency distribution of Mnemiopsis showed larval, juveniles and transitional stages that made up 98.6% of the total population. In the southern Caspian Sea, Acartia tonsa was the highest number of mesozooplankton species (36 species) which decreased tenfold after Mnemiopsis invasion during 2001-2010. Fecundity experiments of Mnemiopsis showed the average of 8 eggs. day^-1, with a maximum of 35 eggs.day^-1which increased with increasing body length. The main food was larger amounts of zooplankton prey such as copepodites and adult of A. tonsa. It seems the sharp decreased of Mnemiopsis abundance could be related the decreasing of ova reproduction; and food ability is the main reasons of M. leidyi sustained in the southern Caspian Sea. The objective of present study was to provide information about parameters influencingthe M. leidyi decreased after initial bloom invasion in the southern Caspian Sea.

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Public sphere and social ethics are always among the basic topics of sociology discussions. The main hypothesis of this study is that «action in the public sphere» is an effective factor on increasing the experience of shame as social ethics. For examining the relationship between these two, Hannah Arendt's «Public sphere theory» and Morris Rosenberg's «Reflective evaluation» principles were used. The model considered in this study includes freedom belief, plurality, private self-disclosure and public self-disclosure, which are participated as effective variables (in two forms: directed and indirected) on the experience of shame. Statistical population of this study includes the students of Tehran University at undergraduate, graduate and PhD degrees. 400 of them were selected by quota sampling for responding using proportional size method. The required data were collected using survey and questionnaire methods. The results of statistical analysis showed that students' public self-disclosure, freedom belief, plurality, gender and education degree have significant impacts on the experience of shame as social ethics. Only the significant effect of private self-disclosure was not confirmed statistically.

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Effective IT governance guarantees alignment of IT with business in order to maximize benefits, achieving organizational goals and optimal use of IT resources. Therefore in industries such as banking industry due to the dependency of their activities on IT, appropriate IT governance is no longer a “nice to have”, it is a “must have”. To achieve effective IT governance, an organization needs to employ well-designed, well-understood, and transparent governance mechanisms. A complete list of 30 IT governance mechanisms categorized in 3 groups: decision making structures, alignment processes and relational mechanisms were synthesized through the literature review and using the Qualitative Meta-Synthesis Methodology. In the next step, a group of domain experts were requested to modify the list to the specific characteristics of Iranian banking industry and as a final outcome, a list of 26 mechanisms for effective IT governance in Iranian banking industry was obtained. Then, designed and validated questionnaire of field studies was distributed among IT managers of 25 banks. The collected data were analyzed via statistical tests. Results indicated 12 mechanisms are strongly deployed among which the existence of an IT strategy committee, IT project steering committee, IT project tracking (time and budget control) and Motivation and incentive to follow the principles of IT governance have positive impact on effective IT governance in Iranian banking industry.    

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The faunistic study of the family Phoridae carried out in northwestern of Iran during 2013–2017. Five species (Conicera tibialis Schmitz, 1925, Dohrniphora cornuta (Bigot, 1857), Gymnophora arcuata (Meigen, 1830), Metopina oligoneura (Mik, 1867) and Triphleba intermedia (Malloch, 1908)) are newly recorded from Iran. The genera Conicera Meigen, 1830, Dohrniphora Dahl, 1898, Gymnophora Macquart, 1835 and Triphleba Rondani, 1856 are reported for the first time from the country. Diagnostic characters of the studied species along with their photographs are provided.

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Ethics is the most important discussion of each religion. To build a society based on Islamic ​​and ethical values, it is essential for ethics to be considered by society. One of the most important issues in modern organizations management is institutionalizing ethics in organizations. This study is conducted to identify factors influencing the institutionalization of organizational ethics in organizations. To satisfy this purpose, existing literature were reviewed and an interpretive structural modeling were applied to define the relationships between affecting factors of institutionalizing ethics in organizations. To define these relations, opinions of 16 experts at Islamic Management and having at least 5 years work experience as managers at different Public organizations were used. These expert were chose using Snow ball sampling. The results show that the model includes seven factors: culture, code of ethics, selective system, educational system, performance evaluation system, management support and individuals' psychological contract. Creating a code of ethics have a fundamental role because of high driving power and low dependency. Other factors of selective system, educational system, management support and individuals' psychological contract to be high driving power of other factors and are also less dependent on other factors. The performance evaluation system is at the third level and culture is located at the fourth since it has lowest driving power and highest dependency.

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One of the important aspects of a folk tale literature review, is to study mysterious and meaningful mental world, a world which narrates cultural history. This subject is feasible due to understanding and perception of the meaning elements of the fictions in which archetypes of collective mentality and common senses of nation’s mental world find the opportunity to be developed and find cohesion. The present study by adopting the theoretical framework of phenomenology and regarding the ancient background of wolf archetype in Persian culture and literature aims at illuminating the roots of Gorgane in Firuzshah-name. Wild woman archetype crystallization in Firuzshah-name fiction appears to be significant. Phenomenological interpretation of an old woman who has lost his or her child is called "Gorgane" which indicates this fact. Two legendary level (fierce wolf) and legendary (wolf and totems of the Turks) is visible in the story. Female wolf in Firuzshah-name has a negative character and unpleasant destiny, but it meets all the situations of accordance with Iranian mentality in the case of wolf and totems of the Turks. Also, this character agrees with archetype of barbaric or wild woman.  

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In E-commerce and wireless communication technologies, location-based services are one of the most valuable processes. Using this services in the banking industry, in addition to providing customized banking services to customers, will bring infinite benefits for banks. However, due to the new emergence of this technology and possible obstacles ahead, it is essential to be paid to the issue of acceptance of this services in the banking industry. The aim of this study is presenting a model for acceptance of location-based services to Iranian banks. For this purpose, according to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, a comprehensive model has been developed to identify effective factors on the acceptance of location-based services in Iranian banks and has been tested utilizes structural equation modeling, in the community of banks customers in Tehran. After analyzing the results, the main research hypotheses were confirmed and the effective factors on acceptance of location-based services in Iranian banks, including performance expectancy, effort expectancy, facilitating conditions, social influences, privacy concerns, confidence, perceived risk, and willingness to innovation. According to the findings, gender and age is not involved in the acceptance of the banking location-based services, but the educational degree is effective on intend to use this services.

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Over the past decades, Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERP) have become one of the most important developments in the use of information technology. ERP implementation projects which involve large groups of organization's resources are usually large and complex. There are evidences of high failure in ERP projects. Therefore, attention to ERP system success or failure factors is critical. Governance is one of factors that had been considered as influencing factors of ERP success in some researches, so this study intends to investigate direct relation between IT governance practice and ERP system success. This paper used an adapted model from the widely used Delone and McLean's model of IS success for assessing ERP value. With considering the relationship between governance aspects and the variable of adopted IS success model, the conceptual model and assumptions of this study were developed. Data gathered by questionnaire and based on responses from MAPNA group companies' members. Then structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software were used for analyzing survey data. According to obtained results, governance has a substantial relation with ERP system success.

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Research Subject: Optical sensors based on porous coordination polymers or metal-organic frameworks (MOF) with luminescent properties with high sensitivity and selectivity are considered as important identification tools in chemical and environmental research. Today, pesticides/herbicides are widely used in order to protect the widely used food resources of human society against pests and to preserve the richness of arable land against weeds and unnecessary things in industries. Agriculture is considered. A large or chronic amount of these compounds can cause high levels of toxicity in humans, animals and plants and endanger the lives of organisms. Therefore, the identification of this group of compounds is of great importance.
Research Approach: In this study, metal-organic framework UiO-66-NH₂ fluorescence nanosensor (1) was synthesized to identify the herbicide Trifluralin (TFA) by ultrasonic method. The properties of nanosensor 1 were identified by X-ray powder diffraction analysis, infrared Fourier transform, thermal analysis, photoluminescence spectra, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The blue emission of compound 1 caused by n-π* electron transfers of 2-aminoterephthalic acid ligand was investigated to identify TFA. The experimental results show that the blue fluorescence emission of nanosensor 1 is turned off in the presence of TFA molecule and the gradual increase in its concentration.
Main Results: Nanosensor 1 is associated with fast, stable, selectable response and high sensitivity in determining TFA. Considering the good linear correlation of the fluorescence response of nanosensor 1 to TFA concentration in the range of 10 to 100 µM and the lowest detection limit (LOD) equal to 2.32 µM, it indicates the reliability and practicality of the synthetic nanosensor in identifying TFA herbicide.

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The advent of new technologies is constantly evolving in today's societies, while information technology is the most effective of these activities. Since information technology can have a devastating impact on the environment, protecting the environment from these threats has added to the concerns of organizations, and as a result, the Green IT debate has become a topic of the day. Different models and methods have been used to explain the various dimensions of the maturity of green information. In this research, a dynamic model was developed to examine the relationship between components and determine the appropriate strategy to reduce energy consumption and thus increase the maturity level of green information technology in the organization. Since the banking industry is closely related to information technology, all Iranian banks have been investigated in this study. First, various components influencing the maturity of green information technology have been identified and their initial level and factors influencing their increase or decrease have been determined, then Causal loop and Stock and flow diagrams are illustrated to explain their relationships. In this regard, variables related to human factors and factors related to technology have been investigated. In the end, after testing and simulating a dynamic model, several scenarios have been proposed to improve the situation in the banking industry and to reach the highest level of maturity of green information technology. Keywords: Green Information Technology, Green Technology Maturity, System Dynamics, Banking Industry

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Among specimens collected from West Azerbaijan province- Iran, during 2011-2017, fourteen species of the genus Megaselia Rondani 1856 were identified. Twelve species (Megaselia aculeate (Schmitz, 1919), M. annulipes (Schmitz, 1921), M. brevicostalis (Wood, 1910), M. giraudii (Egger, 1862), M. hendersoni Disney, 1979, M. hirticaudata (Wood, 1910), M. meconicera (Speiser, 1925), M. minuta (Aldrich, 1892), M. pleuralis (Wood, 1909), M. plurispinulosa (Zetterstedt, 1860), M. subnudipennis (Schmitz, 1919) and M. verralli (Wood, 1910)) are being newly reported from Iran. A key to the studied species along with their geographical distributions and supplementary figures are given.
 

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    Iranians struggled to change their destiny in the hard times of their history through resistance and sometimes peace and reconciliation. In the meantime, besides the continued efforts of the elite class, public efforts must also be made to bring about a favorable situation for coexistence with the ruling class. The less educated people whose idealistic minds were embracing historical reality to view events more easily, grasped the imagination and the legend, and continued to live their lives by building new ideas. The legend of the Mongolian Girl which comes from the days of the Mongols' domination of Iran, is an example of a compensatory imagination through the themes of love and marriage. It is full of faith and stability, the reconciliation and oneness between the two sides, going beyond the lost sovereignty and authority of Iran in the Mongols over a wide geographical range from east to west. The research method is descriptive-analytical.

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The fall webworm, Hyphantria cunea (Drury, 1773) (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), is one of the most important pests of forest trees in northern Iran. In order to identify the native parasitoids of this pest a survey was conducted in Guilan province, in 2019. The larvae and pupae of the fall webworm suspected being parasitized, were collected from different host trees and wood piles, and reared under laboratory conditions until the parasitoids emerged. This pest was found parasitized with five species of Hymenoptera, Brachymeria lasus (Walker, 1841) (Chalcididae), Chouioia cunea Yang, 1989 (Eulophidae), Psychophagus omnivorus (Walker, 1835) (Pteromalidae), Pimpla rufipes Brulle, 1846, Virgichneumon dumeticola (Gravenhorst, 1829) (Ichneumonidae), and four species of Diptera, Compsilura concinnata (Meigen, 1824), Exorista larvarum (Linnaeus, 1758), Pales sp. (Tachinidae), and Megaselia scalaris (Loew, 1866) (Phoridae). Among them six species (e.g., P. rufipes, V. dumeticola, B. lasus, E. larvarum, C. concinnata and Pales sp.) are newly reported as the parasitoids of H. cunea from Iran.

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Computable general equilibrium (CGE) models have become a standard tool of empirical economic analysis and were extensively used to assess the impact of trade liberalization by policy analysts. In this study, the effects of imports tariff reduction as a trade liberalization index are investigated on key economic variables using computable general equilibrium approach. The data used in this study are obtained from the social accounting matrix of year 2001 in which parameters of model are calibrated accordingly. Results of simulations show that if the imports tariff rate is cut by 50% and 100% across all sectors, total supply and investment will reduce while total exports, total imports, household income and consumption will increase.

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The linguistic variety spoken by the prisoners and the words and expressions used by them in their conversations has attracted a lot of attention. This variety is sometimes so different from the one used outside the prison walls that it is almost unfathomable for those who have never been exposed to it. This variety is idiosyncratic in terms of phonology, morphology, and semantics. The study of prison language and its relevant words and expressions is of great significance from sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic, cognitive linguistic, and criminology points of views. Due to significance and the paucity of domestic linguistic studies on the prison language, this study, within the framework of sociolinguistics, made an attempt to bring the semantic features into considerations and delve into the semantic changes of related words and expressions in the prison language with respects to the four variables of gender, age, education, and social status and respond to the following two research questions: First, What are the main semantic changes of words and expressions in the language of prison? Second, what are the relationships between semantic changes and the four variables of gender, age, education, and social status? In order to collect the data, observation and interviews were utilized. The data included 615 and 496 idioms and expressions used by male and female prisoners respectively (total expressions amounted to 1111). The number of all interviewees was 70, consisting of 20 females from Rey Prison and 50 males from four prisons of Raja’ee Shahr, Ghezelhesar, Fashafooye, and Tehran. The results showed that four semantic processes of metaphor, Irony, metonymy, and semantic degradation accounted for the main sources of semantic changes of words and expressions in the language of prison. Regarding the effects of the four variables of gender, age, education, and social status on these semantic processes, it was concluded that gender did not bring about any significant change in the speech of male and female prisoners, though it was effective on the frequency of use of those semantic processes. Some expressions were specific only to men and some were female specific. Out of the other three variables (age, education, and social status), the two variables of education and social status had the most effects on the use of semantic changes among the prisoners. The effect of age is more than that of social status and education and is less than that of gender. In sum, it can be concluded that as education and social status increase, the use of words and expressions in the language of prison decreases. In contrast, as education and social status decrease, the prisoners are more influenced by the language of prison and they use more semantic processes in their speech.

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Among specimens collected from some parts of East Azerbaijan and West Azerbaijan provinces, Iran, during 2017-2019, nine species of the genera Coniosternum Becker, 1894; Cordilura Fallén, 1810; Gimnomera Rondani, 1866 and Scathophaga Meigen, 1803 were identified. Three species of Gimnomera dorsata (Zetterstedt, 1838), Scathophaga inquinata (Meigen, 1826), and Scathophaga islandica (Becker, 1894), are reported as new records of the Iranian insect fauna. A key to the studied species, along with their diagnostic characters, geographical distribution, supplementary figures, and an updated checklist of the Iranian Scathophagidae, are given.

 

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In recent years, the emergence of social networks has led to an increasing attention to recommender systems based on user reviews. The purpose of developing such systems is to use valuable information from users' textual comments in the process of modeling and recommending. User comments reflect the actual opinions on the products and services, so they are a valuable resource for recommending. In social networking environments, collaborative filtering systems are used to provide advice to users. The basis of this approach is the experience and opinion of the other people to buy items and products. This approach is based on the assumption that users who have the same interest have a similar rank. In this research, a system is proposed to provide recommend for users to buy books by combining the collaborative filtering and sentiment analysis. For sentiment analysis, ensemble methods based on weighted voting have been used to extract user’s opinions. In the weighting method, a greater weight is assigned to a classifier which has higher accuracy. The selected model has been evaluated on the 7210 user’s comment which extracted from the Amazon website by the web crawler. The results show that the sentiment analysis of the feeling of the users' comments systems has a positive effect on the performance of recommender systems.