1 2008-0360 Tarbiat Modares University 5746 "Fallacy", the "expropriation", "false challenges" The main obstacles to stability in the research literature aghanouri naimeh b b tarbiat modares 1 12 2016 9 36 7 39 31 10 2016 21 12 2016 Resistance literature, a type of political literature that comes with the popular resistance against tyranny and aggression description, as elemental efficient, pays Bydargry and justice. Analyzing the different aspects of this type of literature, the development of research in the field, particularly since the Islamic Revolution was on.In the field of literature, lasting until the end of 1390 more than 400 original research that the quality and quantity of resistance literature, and not marginal issues that have been detected, but despite little growth management, there are obstacles in the way of researching this area.In this study, the research deviations stability in the pathology literature and removing barriers, attempts to answer this question is that: Which management deviations ranging from fallacy and confiscation of literature in the field of sustainability have been there? The distortions of what literary trends or challenges in this area have created a false?have created a false?
4988 The Most Important Approaches to the Definition of Narrative and its Elements from Interdisciplinary Viewpoint Tavakoli Shandiz Abolfazl c c University of Qom 1 12 2016 9 36 41 71 28 02 2016 27 01 2017 Today, narrative is one of the most common concepts, not only in literature, but also in non-literary fields such as psychology, social sciences and philosophy, uo tp the point that the concept of " narrative turn" has emerged. This paper is amied at studying the most important approaches addressing narrative, because it is not only important for literary and narrative studies, but at the same time can reveal the deep connections between literature and other disciplines. Obviously, to do this, only only literary references should be consulted, but also other important ideas, especially in philosophy and psychology, should be taken into consideration. In this manner, narrative can be used as a basis for interdisciplinary studies. For this purpose, desk study method has been used study two major approaches towards narrative, i.e. definition-centered and descriptive approacheds. For definition-centered appraoch, the major components and consistuents of narrative have been inferred by comparing such definitions and their contradictions have been brought into surface. In the next section, using a descriptive approach, the nature of narrative and its relationship with culture (social dimension) and understanding and life (individual dimension) will be examined. This will be done by reviewing the ideas of both narratologists and philosophers. The results of theis study indicate that narrative is a widespread phenomenon that is not only important in the field of literature, but also plays a very important role in the culture, understanding, identity and ethics. 6096 Environmental Ethics considerations of Hedayat and Chubak Review of two story 1 12 2016 9 36 73 95 02 04 2016 21 12 2016 4563 Dialectic receptions of “Rira” poem fazeli firooz g taghinezhad rudbaneh fatemeh h g Associate Professor/ guilan university h guilan university 1 12 2016 9 36 97 119 06 10 2016 21 12 2016 The poem of "Rira"’s nima yushij is one of the best modern poems of him. Structural, metrical & lexical features of this poem were caused readers with different horizon of expectations to have sometimes different readings of it in decades. The meaning of this poem has always been concealed in ambiguity by the use of certain words, specially the word "Rira" & the use of symbol in his poems. Reception theory is studing different readings of a text which makes it to recreat every time. Reading of nima’s poetry according to reception theory reveal the difference aspects of his poetry. In this article we intend to express different readings of the "Rira"’s poem in the realms of form & technique as well as the structure of it’s content deal. And also we want to analyize the audience reception from progressive meaning of this poem, diachronically & synchronically. this study show that Nima creates his objects by providing multiple perspectives with the theme of grief and with creating gaps in the text. Meaning in this verse, formed by horizons of expectation, over time. The reader is unaware through the poem & ultimately become conscious. Horizon of expectations prevailing in the poem "Rira" is horizon of expectations And the readers by using the codes of aesthetics assets interpret poem. However, due to the inherent properties of this poem, can be presented each time a new reading of it. 7422 Nima's Phenomenological Poetics: the survey of Nima's phenomenological views in the “Letters” Noori Ali i Roozbeh Momammad R l i Assistant Professor of Lorestan University l Associate professor in Persian 1 12 2016 9 36 121 141 10 07 2016 26 12 2016 Phenomenology is a flow which its main purpose is reaching to the real recognition of things; a cognition which is pure and is free from presuppositions and prejudices, so that mere and true beings of creatures get the permission, to appear themselves and the interference of mind and its contents stand aside from the pure openness of beings. What is important here is achieving the real and authentic description of things with the reduction of Epoché. Nima Yoshij as a poet who could be named as epoch maker, in his 'letters' and his writings to others, continually concentrates on this point that an authentic poet must see with his eyes and they must learn to see based on concrete and genuine experiences. He also stressed on this point that poem and poetry is the connection with the being of beings and to achieve this purpose, all of the definitions around an event must be pushed away for reaching the entity of beings. Nima's letters could be assumed as his theories about poem which in it, he knows what is important is exact vision and being free from any subjectivity for composing poetry. In this paper, we will analyze this Nima's notions and will compare them with phenomenologist's attitudes. 3913 Critical notion and ironic discourse in “announcement of earth’s Inheritance” Toghiani Ishagh m Faiez Mohammad Zaher n Agha Hosaini Hosain o m University of Isfahan n University of Esfahan o University of Isfahan 1 12 2016 9 36 143 163 21 07 2016 21 12 2016 Irony after the Socrates and Plato onward has created too many subjects but still there is not a general consent about the definition of it which could specify it. But all the scholars agree that irony presents kind of concealment which is something against the real idea of the poet. Irony is an overview of the world which from one hand consists of literary words such as: allegory, satire, sarcasm, scorn, paradox and criticism and from other hand it can tie two opposite sentiment of laughing and crying in a way that no other literary devices can do such a thing. In this way Bakhtari who is considered as one of the successful poets had used irony in his poetry as a skillful poet in a way that it both reflects the above mentioned literary devices and laughing and crying sentiments too. This paper tries to analysis the “announcement of earth’s Inheritance” which is the only collection of Bakhtari and shows the real life pain and problems of Afghanistan people who lost their lives and were under the presure of Taliban government. Bakhtari by reconciliation of the opposits and by an ironic look at the social, cultural, and religious issues shows how much the poet can be successful in using irony as a device to criticize social and political status of Afghanistan. 7760 Manifestation of Theory in Theorist’s Works: The Examination of “The Reader in the Book” in Kissing Game by Aiden Chambers p Gholamy Farzane p Academic Staff in English Department at Razi University of Kermanshah Master of Arts in English Literature, Razi University of Kermanshah 1 12 2016 9 36 165 186 30 06 2016 21 12 2016 Abstract In recent years in Iran, Aiden Chambers’ theory called “The Reader in the Book” has greatly attracted researches in the realm of children literature. The purpose of such studies has been to read various works of Iranian children literature writers based on Chamber’s theory. In order to recognize the specifics of the child reader in the text, Chambers introduces the four essential elements of style, point of view, taking sides and tell-tale gaps. The fundamental question of this study is to examine whether the theoretical elements and concepts chambers names as essential to create the child reader in the book are practically used in his literary works? The examination of “Cindy’s Day Out” from his collection, Kissing Game, represents that Chambers has created an active and critical child reader in his work through the proper application of different methods, such as the shift from narratorial-descriptive style to dramatic-objective style, Various but fluid and friendly diction, few but understandable literary figures, third person narrator focalized through the main character, taking sides through style shift, superficial and cultural gaps along with gaps in characterization and narrative structure. 1521 Defanding of Gremas . . p 1 12 2016 9 36 187 191 14 01 2017 21 12 2016