1 2008-0360 Tarbiat Modares University 11023 The Modern “Philosophical Discourse” and Responsible Writing Behin Bahram 1 5 2010 3 9 8 28 06 10 2010 20 11 2010 The banishment of poets from Plato’s Republic in order to reach at a society free from irresponsibility is the first step in the Western speculative philosophy to criticize poetry. From a Platonic point of view, irresponsible, irrational writing, of which poetry, due to its inspirational nature, is an outstanding realization, puts the ideal Greek society in disorder and thus should be avoided; philosophically speculative writing, which arises from rationality and truth-orientated thinking, should replace it. Although it is almost impossible to examine the credibility of such judgments, they have been raised in different guises throughout history to explain crises in human societies. With a special attention to the modern era, this paper argues that due to the shortcomings in the Western “philosophical discourse,” Western philosophical writings seem to be really dangerous and the cause of political and social crises. Conversely, writings arising from a “literary discourse” might turn out to be more responsible.
8007 Hajm Poetry and Cubism: a Reconsideration of the Theoretical Principles of Hajm Poetry according to the Cubist Aesthetics Emarati Moghadam Dawood c Fatemi Hosain d c - d Mashhad univ 1 5 2010 3 9 29 48 20 11 2010 20 11 2010 Cubism, which revolutionized the visual arts during the first decades of the twentieth century, had a significant impact on literature. It is often considered to be the twentieth century’s mode of expression. This article examines the influences of the cubist style on Hajm poetry – an avant-garde movement in contemporary Persian poetry which is mainly associated with Yadollah Royaei’s works. The main question of the article is how it is possible to apply the visual aesthetic principles and techniques to literature. The article is divided into three main sections. In each section, one of the common fundamental concepts between these two movements is introduced. These concepts are as follows: (1) the essence of the thing and the representation of reality; (2) three-dimensional image and the movement of the image; (3) and the concentration on the process of the creation of literary work through focusing on the materiality of artistic medium. These concepts are concretized by using some devices which create an effect similar to the cubist visual techniques, the consequence of which is to challenge the concept of representation in art and literature. 2923 Study of function of “Allegory” from the perspective Of some romantic critics Hashemi Zohreh e e Azadi Sq.Ferdowsi Univ. Faculty of Letters , Department of Persian literature 1 5 2010 3 9 49 72 05 10 2010 20 11 2010 Allegory, is one of terms that despite extensive use and antiquity in the west rhetoric because of had some commonalities and differences whit other rhetorical ornaments, such as metaphor, symbol, emblem, irony and etc. literary critics and rhetorician in providing precise definition and determination of functions of allegory encountered to confusion hence credibility and significance of it in the difference periods according to the intellectual currents to become whit many ups and downs. The Romantic school was one of the processes that first time rhetoricians have tried to study features and functions of allegory compared whit symbol for distinct of borders these two terms and provide precise definitions and specific characteristics of each terms. In fact we owe modern mean of allegory those comments of some ones such as, Goethe, Schelling, August Wilhelm Schlegel and Coleridge. These rhetoricians did the first systematic efforts in clarifying and defining the meaning of the term allegory. On this basis, the essays aim of the writer has been presented a report of functions and features of allegory in the Romanticism school passer authority over critical comments in this regard, such as ; Goethe, Schelling, A. W. Schlegel and Coleridge. 11592 Pseudo-Postmodernism: A Critique of Metafictional Techniques in Bivatan ghaffari sahar f f tehran kuy daneshgahe tehran 1 5 2010 3 9 73 89 15 11 2010 16 11 2010 The novelty in typography coupled with narrative techniques has turned Bivatan (Tehran, 2008) into a quasi-metafiction, i.e. a story which explores the process of its own construction. While in Bivatan the author is supposedly trying to produce a metafictional effect, a closer investigation into the novel will prove this claim void. In fact, Amirkhani’s novel fails to step into the realm of postmodernism. 8576 The Functions of Narratee in Masnavi Ghavām Abolghasem g Bāmeshki Samirā h g Assistant Professor of Persian Literature, Ferdowsi University Ferdowsi University of Mashhad h Ph.D. Student of Persian Language and Literature, 1 5 2010 3 9 91 113 31 12 2010 31 12 2010 Narratee is one of the major roles in each narration and its analysis can reveal the features of the narrative text. This study is an analysis of the influence of the narratee’s predilections and responses on Masnavi’s plot. Moreover, we tend to examine the other functions of narratees in Masnavi. Being addressed directly, the narratee is highly overt in Masnavi and plays a significant role in the course of the narration. The narratee’s questions and acts can determine or even shift the course of the plot. This paper examines four major functions of Masnavi’s narratee. 10389 A Survey of the Orientational Metaphors in Qur’an: ‎a Cognitive Approach Hajian khadije i Kambuziyā A‏.‏‎ K .Z . j i TMU j Assistant Professor of Linguistics, Tarbiyat Modares University ‎ 1 5 2010 3 9 116 139 27 12 2010 31 12 2010 ‎ An orientational metaphor is a metaphor in which concepts are ‎spatially related to each other, as in the following ways: up or down, ‎in or out, front or back, on or off, deep or shallow, central or ‎peripheral. Such metaphorical orientations are not arbitrary. They ‎originate from our physical and cultural experience. An orientational ‎metaphor organizes a group or system of metaphorical concepts in ‎terms associated with spatial orientation, for instance “up-down” and ‎‎“front-back”. An example would be the fact that many metaphorical ‎concepts concerning happiness (e.g. “feeling up”, “spirits were ‎boosted”, “in high spirits”) have to do with the spatial orientation of ‎‎“up”, whereas many metaphorical concepts of unhappiness (e.g. ‎‎“feeling low”, “feeling down”, “sinking spirits”, “falling into ‎depression”) have to do with “down”. These spatial orientational ‎metaphors are so common that we often use them unconsciously. ‎Those metaphors using the spatial orientation of “up”, “forward” and ‎‎“on” seem to be associated with positive feelings and events, while ‎terms such as “down” and “back” are associated with the ‎negative. The majority of spatial orientational metaphors employed in ‎the Qur’an can be divided into those that convey a positive experience ‎or feeling and those that express a negative or less satisfactory event ‎or emotion.‎ 5166 An Analysis of “Pain and Suffering” in the Contemporary Women’s Poetry: a Case Study of Forough Farrokhzad and Simin Behbahani gorji mostafa k kupa fateme l Kohandani Mohammad Reza m k میدان انقلاب، خ دانشگاه. خ شهید وحید نظری. پژوهشگاه علوم انسانی جهاد دانشگاهی l kk m uni 1 5 2010 3 9 141 162 02 08 2010 20 11 2010   “Pain and suffering” is one of the tragic aspects of the human life which, as a recurrent motif in art and literature, particularly in women’s contemporary poetry, requires a particular attention. This article presents an ontological analysis of the concept of “pain and suffering” in Forough Farrokhzad’s and Simin Behbahani’s poetry with respect to its quality, quantity, and instances. Accordingly, the article consists of a criticism and analysis of the concept of “pain and suffering,” its objectives, and its effects on the contemporary women’s poetry. Furthermore, an ontological discussion on the examples and different types of “pain and suffering” in Forough Farrokhzad’s and Simin Behbahāni’s poetry is presented. 6120 A review on the article "Deep Mythical Construction of Roud Ravi's Novel" Sangi Narghes 1 5 2010 3 9 166 171 29 06 2013 22 05 2010