Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
12
1
2
FA
M.
fotoohi
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
Downward Metalepsis in Mathnavi
10
37
FA
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.
.
Metalepsis is divided into two types: first, the movements from extradiegetic to diegetic levels; and second, the movement from diegetic to extradiegetic levels. This article analyzes the various modes of the first type of metalepsis in Mathnavi. Mathnavi can be considered as the most prominent example of narrative text in Persian literature with instances of transgression of levels.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
Dialogue among Hafiz and Sayeh's Ghazals: Dialogism from the Text-structure to the Social Structure
37
62
FA
Majid
Bahrevar
Faculty Member/ Yasouj Uni
The never-ending magical discourse of Hāfiz of Shiraz has become an artistic puzzle and through the analysis of his words, many have provided with recurring themes. Particularly, the ghazals of Hooshang Ebtehāj (H. A. Sāyeh) bear the rich textual and extra-textual resemblances to the ghazals of Hāfiz and declare a historical and inmost dialogue with the Hāfizian art and thought. In this paper, I aim to present dialogism to put Mikhail Bakhtin's literary-social theory of the text in practical use by application of a Persian poetical tradition, "Javāb-Gooyee" and Sāyeh's approaching to Hāfiz. By this we can also criticize some remarks on the decadence and imitational style of his poetry. In general, the Sāyeh’s dialogical Hāfiz-oriented ghazals will be studied intertextually and discursively on the basis of some views of structuralists as Roland Barthes and Julia Kristeva. I should conclude briefly that Sāyeh's dialogism haunts between the text and the community. On one hand, his intertextual references are often restricted to the syntagmatic axis, especially to reproduction of lingual codes, rhetorical devices, and prosody of Hāfiz and on the other hand, his historical discourse, especially on three characteristics namely society, human, and love take a polemical stand against discourse of Hāfiz.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
.
63
84
FA
.
.
.
m. Hossain
Dalal Rahmani
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
Discourse Analysis of Imposed War Memories; case study of Da Memory
85
110
FA
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.
.
.
.
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Memories of the imposed Iraq war against Iran were linked to men’s narratees. More women played a role as an object linked to solider, such as martyr’s mother and wife. Da is a different book. In this article, we try to study Da and its relation to the dominant social discourse, with using Fairclough theory and method. He mentioned three-dimensional framework for studying discourse: analysis of language texts, analysis of discourse practice and analysis of socio-cultural practice. We will show Da, unlike the traditional discourse, emphasis on the other roles of women in the imposed war. In addition, Da tries to make a female verbal construction that it is not found in similar women books. Da goes beyond the traditional discourse of women’s role in war, and seems to have succeeded in this way. With a male act and female speech, Da creates a new text and a new discourse.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
A Study Of The Implied Reader In The Book In Two Of Ahmadreza Ahmadi's Stories
111
135
FA
s.
hessampour
.
Z.
Pirsoufi
s
،
S.
Asadi
This paper uses the theory of "the implied reader in the book" by Aiden Chambers to analyze two of Ahmadi's latest works, "The butterfly had fallen asleep on my pillow" and "The girl, the fish, and the loneliness". To know the implied reader and his/her characteristics, Chambers suggests studying the four factors of style, point of view, partialityand and empty spaces. These factors play an important role in children's books and help the author communicate with the reader. The results show the implied readers in his books are thoughtful and capable children with pure imaginations and innovative souls who are able to enjoy the beauties of the story and discover the hidden concepts in it. Also the depth and complexity in Ahmadi's books provoke the adults and the young adults to read and enjoy his works. Keywords: Aidan Chambers, Ahmadreza Ahmadi, Children Story, Implied Reader, The butterfly had fallen asleep on my pillow, The girl, the fish, and the loneliness.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
.
137
162
FA
.
.
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Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
The steamy glasses of Hedayat: Faucoultian reading of the Blind Owl by Sadegh Hedayat
163
183
FA
S.
Tawossi
It is generally acknowledged that Sadegh Hedayat was an intellectual who dedicated his life to fighting against the dictatorship of Pahlavi. According to many biographies written about him, he, belonging to a royal family though, because of his love to the freedom of human being was against Pahlavi dynasty. This article tries to introduce an idea thoroughly opposite to that generally-accepted one. After analyzing his Blind Owl from the view-point of Michael Foucault’ theory of power, especially “panopticism”, the article comes to the conclusion at the end that Hedayat, because of being influenced by the dominant discourses of the era, of which the most widespread one was nationalism, has worked at the service of the dictatorship of Pahlavi. In order to reach to this goal, the research in hand, first of all, defines the theory of power in Faocoult's works and then follows this theory in the works of the followers of Faucoult, those who have tried to practice this theory in Eropean novels. in the second part, the article investigates the principles of this theory in Hedayat's the Blind Owl.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
formalismand tarikhe jahangoshaye joveiny
185
190
FA
.
Tarbiat Modares University
Literary Criticism
2008-0360
6
21
2013
3
1
Using SPSS in literaly researches
191
213
FA
In the most of recent Iranian literary researches which use statistical analyses, only a specific part of statistics, i.e. descriptive statistics, is used. It seems that another important part (inferential statistics) is missed in these researches. SPSS is a powerful software package used for statistical analysis in social sciences.This software , at first, is designed for statistical analyzes at social sciences but for it's easy environment , it spread between users and With the increasing needs of users, the abilities of software increase too. One of the most important capabilities of it is doing inferential statistics. Almost all kinds of statistical analyses may be done by it. This paper tries to introduce SPSS to the researchers of literature and show the weaknesses of some literary researches and suggests to this group of researchers to use the methods of inferential statistics which are more accurate than the methods of descriptive statistics.